Which of the following is a PHEIC disease that requires notification?

Smallpox is a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) disease that requires notification due to its severe health risks and potential for rapid spread among populations. A PHEIC designation indicates a situation that poses a significant threat to global health and requires a coordinated international response.

Smallpox is of particular concern because it is highly contagious and can lead to serious complications or death. The disease is characterized by the development of pustular rash and fever, and it can spread easily through respiratory droplets. Its potential for re-emergence requires that any suspicion of the disease be reported to health authorities immediately, enabling them to take swift action to contain its spread.

While tuberculosis and malaria are serious diseases that require notification in certain circumstances, they are not classified as PHEIC diseases. Pneumonia, while a significant global health issue, does not meet the criteria for PHEIC status either. The classification of diseases requiring notification is based on the nature of the disease's transmission, severity, and public health implications on a global scale, making smallpox a critical disease under this classification.